Essay on The Study of Psychology and Christianity

The study of psychology and Christianity has been known to be at odds over the past several decades. Many believe that Christianity and Psychology cannot mix or intertwine. They believe a person can only believe in one but not both. In this essay I will discuss what the integration view entails in reference to psychology and Christianity. I will then discuss the major objectives that can arise from this view and follow by the counter objectives and core strengths of this view. I then will give an example of how this view can be used practically in a counseling situation. When it comes to psychology and Christianity, there can be opposing beliefs on the topics. Some believe that psychology is the complete answer to the human mind in order†¦show more content†¦Genesis 2:7 states â€Å"The Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul. â€Å"The major objective to the integration view can include the promotion of science of psychology over spirituality and faith. Some do not agree with the changing biblical interpretations to coincide with scientific findings or questioning God’s word or ability through prayer. There are some that believe psychology is based on a worldview that opposes Christian faith. A major concern that arises is the belief that people cannot study and believe in psychology while staying true to Christian beliefs. Although there are criticisms to this view it is important one observes and responds carefully. God designed humans as mental, emotional, social and spiritual beings. Each aspect interacts with one another and it uncommon to find a problem that is entirely spiritual. It is important for one to evaluate and review in order to find the necessary resolution to the issue. Psychology is just another tool that allows Christians to praise God with their minds, not only their hearts. God created humans and God gave birth to psychology. Reason, revelation and scientific methods are all methods to discover the truth of humans. This helps to establish a unity of God and therefore a unity of truth. Because of this, it allows one to integrate truths from different sources with different methods. Our conclusions or assumptionsShow MoreRelatedIntegrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity 4-Mat Review 1254 Words   |  6 Pagesbook Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity by David Entwistle compares and contrasts the secular view of Psychology and the biblical view of Psychology. Entwistle delves into the question is psychology and Christianity mutually compatibility. The Integrative Approaches, Entwistle communicates to us there is two human behavior perspectives which relate to each other. According to Entwistle (2010), In order to intertwine psychology and Christianity it is required to define the contoursRead MorePsychology And Christianity Second Edition By David Entwistle1248 Words   |  5 PagesSUMMARY The book Integrative approaches to psychology and Christianity second edition by David Entwistle introduces the text by explaining how psychology can go in a direction, and Christian theology approach can lead in a different direction. He continued by stating the need for understanding and studying human behavior because people come from different walks of life and different expectations. It leads us to form unique perspectives to help give us an understanding of the individuals you encounterRead MoreThe Methods Of Knowing Provided By Entwistle1602 Words   |  7 Pagescorrect or not, if not then what can be termed as the neutral ground. Arguably, Christianity and psychology can be integrated into what is termed as Christian psychology that supports what is good in both opposing sides to yield the best way to love both one’s God and neighbors. With that being said, it would seem that the Allies mode would best capture the relationship between Theology (Christian faith) and Ps ychology (psychological science). Christian Thinking versus Secular Thinking Christian vocationRead MorePsychology And Christianity : Integrative Approaches Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pages A 4MAT Review of Entwistle’s Text: Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Stacy H. McConville Liberty University Online A 4MAT Review of Entwistle’s Text: Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Summary David N. Entwistle in his book titled Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity: An Introduction to Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations, and ModelsRead MoreEssay about Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity1320 Words   |  6 Pages4-MAT Review Anita Cox Liberty University COUN 506 Integration of Psychology and Theology September 7, 2012 â€Æ' Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity David N. Entwistle Cascade Books, 2010 Summary Just as the title describes, Entwistle explains within the book the attempts and varied approaches of integrating both psychology and Christianity, two entities which seem to have been at odds with each other since the time of Galileo. By explaining key historical conflicts, suchRead MoreThe Integration Of Psychology And Christianity1679 Words   |  7 Pagesintegration of psychology and Christianity text is about the differences between both psychology and Christianity and whether or not they can co-exist. David Entwistle says that â€Å"Primarily psychology and Christianity are perceived by many people to be in opposition† (Entwistle, 2010). The text allows us to take a look at both disciplines and look at them separately yet together. It provides the opportunity for the reader to look at multiple examples of ways that theology and psychology can work togetherRead MoreBook Review of Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity1265 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Book review Entwistle, David N. Integrative approaches to psychology and Christianity: An introduction to worldview issues, philosophical foundations, and models of integration. Eugene, OR:  Cascade Books, 2010. Summary Many Christians fear that their faith is incompatible with the discipline of psychology. Integrative approaches to psychology and Christianity by David Entwistle makes a persuasive case that the two disciplines are complementary rather than polarized worldviews. Faith andRead MoreIntegrative Approaches Of Psychology And Christianity1529 Words   |  7 PagesIn his book, â€Å"Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity,† David Entwistle (2010) provides a persuasive discourse for the assimilation of psychology and theology; secular and religious disciplines that present a â€Å"multifaceted dialogue shaped by historical interactions and tensions.† (p. 51) Of the two systems, psychology is by much of the Church thought to advocate reason over revelation whereas theology is, by more secular-leaning scholars, thought to be wanting of intellect. With TertullianRead MoreDr. Entwistle s Psychology And Christianity With The Intent Of Using The Text For Undergradua te1255 Words   |  6 PagesIntegrativeApproaches to Psychology and Christianity with the intent of using the text for undergraduate coursework for students studying a wide variety of psychological forms. These forms of study include counseling and teaching as well as on the Graduate level for students studying Theology. The text begins with diverse worldviews intertwining Psychology and Christianity throughout various societies and each with its own deep rooted perspectives. Each culture has its own worldview regarding Psychology and ChristianityRead MoreDavid N. Entwistle Integrative Approaches Psychology And Christianity1594 Words   |  7 PagesSummary No doubt that in the book written by David N. Entwistle Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity, the author leaves the truths embodied in his book. Truths that for many to this day are still trying to accommodate in their vast knowledge they have concerning the psychological science. Many still fail to understand that both psychology and theology when they go hand in hand they can become allies in treating those who for one reason or another have external and internal conflicts

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Bloating - 1033 Words

Home Remedies to Reduce Tummy due to Bloating Bloating is a very common condition these days that normally occurs due to overeating, anxiety, indigestion, constipation and others. It is a condition in which abdomen feels gaseous and full and is a common condition among both children and adult. The person suffering from bloating can actually become isolated from recreational or social activities. The sufferer use most of the time visit the doctor more often, take more medications and use more sick days. But what are the symptoms of bloating? It is actually vague to define however, most people feels tightness, fullness or swelling in the stomach with frequent burping, pain, gas, etc. Causes of Bloating There are many causes of bloating one of the most common causes is the amount of food you eat and the way you eat that accumulate gas in your digestive system. Some other common causes of bloating are: †¢ Irritable bowel syndrome †¢ Swallowing air †¢ Inability to digest dairy products or other items †¢ Intestinal parasites (giardiasis) †¢ Eating too fast †¢ Overgrowth of bacteria †¢ Weight gain †¢ Heartburn †¢ Hormonal flux (PMS for women) †¢ Constipation †¢ Medications †¢ Inflammatory bowel disease Can Bloating be a Symptom of Any Serious Conditions? Abdominal bloating can actually be a symptom of serious conditions that includes cancer, kidney failure, congestive heart failure, etc. This is because fluid in abdominal cavity can lead to such diseases. Some other diseasesShow MoreRelatedAnorexia Nervosa- Eating Disorder1685 Words   |  7 PagesSigns, Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment.) Usually any activity involving food or the consumption of food terrifies an Anorexic. One’s brain is rewired to see food as the enemy, as something your body despises instead of needs. (Maloney, Michael, and Rachel Kranz 52) While anorexia drastically affects one’s mind, the physical effects are quick to appear. These effects are seen throughout the victim’s entire body. On the surface, it’s easy to see anorexia. One of the most obvious symptoms would beRead MoreCase Study : Driftwood Essay1053 Words   |  5 Pagesdepartment after complaining of acute abdominal pain lasting three days, bloating  with the inability to button her pants, and weight gain despite loss of appetite.   Upon her assessment she has had a long length of family history (maternal side) of cancer which included breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer. She was diagnosed with endometriosis at the age of thirty and reached menopause at fifty-four. With this initial assessment, her symptoms, and lab results she has been diagnosed with ovarian cancer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MoreI Am An Avid Howard Stern Watcher / Listener And Robin Quivers1388 Words   |  6 PagesGood Luck! Abdominal bloating is unflattering, uncomfortable, and indicative of digestive issues. Ironically, many people who experience bloating are those who strive to eat a healthful diet. Bloating is not body fat, but water or stool retention due to either food allergies that cause digestive problems, or a byproduct of one s transition to a different way of eating. Here is a common list of the causes of bloating, and some of the ways a Paleolithic diet will help cure bloating. Paleolithic DietRead MoreSample Resume : Pharmacotherapy Workup Notes Care Plan 1347 Words   |  6 Pages2016 Medical condition Gastric ulcer Patient History: QB is a 79 year-old man who presented to the pharmacy to pick up his prescription for rabeprazole 20mg, 1 tablet once daily. QB is diagnosed with gastric ulcer. His symptoms are nausea, vomiting, stomach fullness, and bloating. His other medical conditions are: acute coronary syndrome and osteoporosis. His current medications are: aspirin 81mg (1 tablet once daily), clopidogrel 75mg (1 tablet once daily), amlodipine 5mg (1 tablet once daily),Read MoreProblems Associated with Celiac Disease and Lactose Intolerance1172 Words   |  5 Pagesremains in the digestive tract unabsorbed, as it is fermented by bacteria. This causes bloating and various stomach problems. (â€Å"Coeliac Disease and Gluten Intolerance†) The loss of villi in the small intestine reduces the cells surface area, in order for nutrients to be absorbed. The amount of small intestine damaged due to a loss of villi determines the severity of symptoms due to the diseases. Severe signs and symptoms of malabsorption are evident in people whose small intestine is affected by a lossRead MoreOvarian Cancer Essay1173 Words   |  5 Pagesinsider her stomach whenever she was lying down. Because it was painless and very subtle, she didnt worry too much about it. Distracted by the hectic life of a schoolteacher, she blamed a lot of her symptoms on being stressed or tired. Cann finally decides to go to her regular doctor The symptoms persisted, and Cann finally decided to seek some professional advice. That’s when she went to her primary care doctor, who also didn’t feel like there was much to be alarmed about. The doctor felt thatRead MoreBreast Cancer : A Major Public Health Concern Among Women1145 Words   |  5 Pagesovarian cancer causes more cancer deaths in women than any other cancer of the reproductive system. Ovarian cancer kills two out of three women diagnosed in America and rates have not changed in 30 years (Burges). Although ovarian cancer show more symptoms than any other gynecological cancer, it continues to be a top cancer killer in women, which result from a lack of awareness of the disease. It is said the knowledge is power, and becoming informed in what ovarian cancer is can be the first step inRead MoreP3 M2 D1 Explain Possible Influences On Dietary Intake1682 Words   |  7 Pagesantibodies, which attack the lining of the bowel. E This can have an effect on the body’s ability to absorb nutrients from food, and can lead to anaemia and osteoporosis. It also can increase the risk of bowel cancer. The symptoms: Abdominal pain Diarrhoea Constipation Bloating Failure to gain weight in adulthood Anaemia People who suffer from coeliac disease need to eliminate all foods that have wheat, rye, and barley in them from their diet. Gluten-free products are sold but they are quite expensiveRead More The Causes of Gallbladder Attacks Essay963 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement: These attacks are mainly caused by the development of gallstones in the gallbladder. II. Definition. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gallbladder B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gallstones III. Causes. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obesity B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Estrogen C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ethnicity D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Age and gender IV. Symptoms. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chronic indigestion B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sudden, steady and moderate-to- intense pain in your upper abdomen C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nausea and vomiting V. Diagnosis. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ultrasound B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cholecystogram Conclusion It might sound interesting to explore theRead MoreDigestive Diseases And The Digestive Tract903 Words   |  4 Pages The digestive tract consists of: the esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, liver, pancreas and the gallbladder Some sign that can occur which would indicate problems in the digestive tract include: pain in the stomach; bleeding; bloating; diarrhea; constipation; nausea and vomiting; and heartburn. Common digestive diseases include: cancer; gallstones; irritable bowel syndrome; acid reflux disease; celiac disease; Crohn’s disease; diverticulitis; hemorrhoids; and cirrhosis of the

Environmental Management and Operational Performance

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Management and Operational Performance. Answer: Introduction The primary emphasis of developing this essay is forming the critical arguments associated with the operational issues encountered by Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd. The given case study related to the company is required conducting in-depth analysis and review for developing the critical knowledge related to the operating issues. From the analysis, it is determined that Hawkesbury Cabinets was initially established to manufacture custom-built kitchen cabinetry. The operations of the business were comprehensively controlled and managed by two brothers Fung and Mei Chen. It is primarily observed that the increasing sale of the custom-built kitchen had influenced the rising reputations of the company in the identified community. For capturing more opportunity from the target market, the firm had decided to continue with an additional production while focusing mainly on the maintenance of quality (Jabbour, et al., 2013). This particular scenario drives the business to focus majorly on the operations management, which is one of the central topics of business research and practices in the modern day context. During the growth of operations, different kinds of flaws were observed specifically in the production department of Hawkesbury Cabinets. The difficulties are mainly identified in the planning and designing, execution, and location of the manufacturing unit (Lavastre, Gunasekaran Spalanzani, 2012). Therefore, the particular issues should need to be identified critically by developing the evaluative arguments related to the case of Hawkesbury Cabinets. The critical arguments will adequately cover the useful areas like the current practices adopted by the company in its production facility, the impact of new production line to the operations, and the implication of the new production process on the overall financial structure of the enterprise. Analysis and Arguments A technical analysis should need to be performed based on the identified case study of Hawkesbury Cabinets for determining the challenges experienced by the manufacturing operations. For achieving the requirements of the analysis, the current production system and processes used by Hawkesbury Cabinets should need to be investigated. Based on the case study, Hawkesbury Cabinets had primarily focused on manufacturing only the custom-made kitchens as part of its operations belonging to the small business segment for satisfying the needs of the respective community. During the continuation of the business, the company had experienced the increasing shift in demands from the customers of its target market (Wong, et al., 2012). The scenario caused in the growing sales of the existing items produced by the company while causing the growth in its financial position ultimately. The situation drove the company to make use of the identified opportunity from the market by taking decision of manu facturing the additional item in the small volume contracts. From the case study, it is ascertained that the company had engaged in the production of builders kitchens in the limited units. Subsequently, the managing director of the company decided to provide equal importance on continuing both of the production processes for ensuring the increasing growth of revenues and profit from the identified market. From the mentioned understanding, it is determined that the particular decision had caused the company to experience significant difficulties in pursuing both types of manufacturing activities within the same production facility (Davenport, 2013). The analysis of the case study helps to generate a critical fact that a Job Shop Manufacturing process was adopted by the company to produce the specific quantity of builders kitchen (Meredith Shafer, 2009, PP.116). Job shop manufacturing technique is responsible for supporting the production of small batches of builders kitchen by the company and meeting the predetermined demands of the market. Nevertheless, the particular manufacturing process requires a high level of expertise. Moreover, the useful involvement of a unique set-up and sequencing technique are essential for the practical application of the identified manufacturing system (Tseng Hu, 2014). Hawkesbury Cabinets faced the typical hurdles in maintaining the proposed requirements due to the limited availability of resources in the production facility. Through the analysis of the case study, it is revealed that the various production departments, such as the painting and finishing and assembly capacity, were not close to each other. The particular factor caused a high level of difficulty for the company in the sequencing process for producing a large quantity of the new product. The earlier arguments indicate that the decision made by Hawkesbury Cabinets for manufacturing the new builders line of kitchen was initially responsible for causing the identified problems. Therefore, the effects of new builders kitchen line in creating the critical problems associated with the operations of Hawkesbury Cabinets must need to be identified for raising the important arguments. As discussed by the case study, the company failed to achieve the expected rate of profit in the current financial period despite the decision to produce builders line of kitchen had contributed to the increasing revenues for the business. The underlying reason of the growing sale of the new builders kitchen was driven by the significant demands in the particular market. At the same time, it must need to mention that the business was encountering fundamental problems due to the elevating costs associated with the production of its new line of product (Brandenburg, et al., 2014). The manufacturing process of the new products required the business to maintain growing amount of capitals tied up with the raw materials. Hence, it can be argued that the effects of producing new builders line of kitchen had affected the overall operational efficiency of Hawkesbury Cabinets from multiple aspects. Some of the significant areas associated with the operations of the business such as factory overhead, product delivery, role of individuals in the production process, and use of equipment were hampered by the manufacturing process followed by the company for the new builders line. In order to produce the required quantity of new product and satisfying the increasing demands of the market, the firm required maintaining the supply of additional materials from the outside sources (Golicic Smith, 2013). The individual situation could critically drive the company to install new and complex machines or equipment in the production facility, which might raise the possibility of manufacturing bre akdown or malfunction. Hence, the overall arguments point out the increase in operating cost for the company resulting in the degrading rate of profit from the identified business activities. In this particular scenario, the decision to move on to producing builders kitchens might provide some drastic effects on the financial structure of Hawkesbury Cabinets. If the company had decided to continue with the production of builders kitchen, it would drive the business to capitalise fully on the implementation of job shop manufacturing technique. The company would require renting a new storage unit to ensure the effective introduction of the mentioned manufacturing method, as there was limited space available in the current manufacturing location. The particular expansion of the storage unit would maximise the operational cost for the company resulting the profitability to be hampered significantly (Meredith Shafer, 2009, PP.191). Therefore, the company will experience a continuously reducing rate of profit as compared to the current situation due to the implication of the proposed decision. Lastly, the entire financial structure of the company could be affected radically if such decision was followed and executed by Hawkesbury Cabinets. Conclusion From the overall analysis of the case associated with Hawkesbury Cabinets, some of the critical arguments involving the operations management are formed. These arguments have mostly helped to enrich the understanding stating that the degree of operating issues depends on the particular decisions taken by the operations managers of an organization. In case of Hawkesbury Cabinets, the production related operations meet contingencies due to the inefficiencies in making vital operating decisions by the management. In addition, it suggests that the management is inexperienced enough to predict a client management planning according to the operational capabilities of the firm. References Brandenburg, M., Govindan, K., Sarkis, J., Seuring, S. (2014). Quantitative models for sustainable supply chain management: Developments and directions.European Journal of Operational Research,233(2), 299-312. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Davenport, T. H. (2013).Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Golicic, S. L., Smith, C. D. (2013). A metaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ analysis of environmentally sustainable supply chain management practices and firm performance.Journal of Supply Chain Management,49(2), 78-95. Jabbour, C. J. C., de Sousa Jabbour, A. B. L., Govindan, K., Teixeira, A. A., de Souza Freitas, W. R. (2013). Environmental management and operational performance in automotive companies in Brazil: the role of human resource management and lean manufacturing.Journal of Cleaner Production,47, 129-140. Lavastre, O., Gunasekaran, A., Spalanzani, A. (2012). Supply chain risk management in French companies.Decision Support Systems,52(4), 828-838. Meredith, J. R., Shafer, S. M. (2009).Operations management for MBAs. John Wiley Sons, 116-190. Meredith, J. R., Shafer, S. M. (2009).Operations management for MBAs. John Wiley Sons, 191-219. Tseng, M. M., Hu, S. J. (2014). Mass customization. InCIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering(pp. 836-843). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Wong, C. W., Lai, K. H., Shang, K. C., Lu, C. S., Leung, T. K. P. (2012). Green operations and the moderating role of environmental management capability of suppliers on manufacturing firm performance.International Journal of Production Economics,140(1), 283-294.

Nasi Lemak free essay sample

Growing up, I think I ate Nasi Lemak (literally means Fatty Rice) at least once a week. It used to cost 60 cents and came wrapped in a leaf. I’m sure once a week applies to the average Malaysian as well. Lily visited Chicago a couple of weeks ago, and of course, to complete the trip, we had to concoct this wonderful Malaysian dish. My mother told me very early in my life that too many cooks spoil the soup. She often used this to get me out of her kitchen and on to more important things, like studying. Anyways, I decided that we had to approach this dish very methodically. We first divided the labor – Lily with food processing and general preparation work. Me with the chicken curry. I am the curry and rice girl (link to hilarious video: http://urloid. com/youtube34). An invisible line separated the stove into 2 quadrants and we got working. We will write a custom essay sample on Nasi Lemak or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We started with the rice and pandan leaves, naturally. Within minutes of putting the rice to boil, we had several people emerge from their sleep after getting a whiff of the wonderful aroma. Lily proceeded with slicing shallots and mincing the shallots and prawns to make belacan. We then made the sambal and chicken curry side by side. After preparing the boiled eggs, roasted peanuts and another half bottle of wine, we finally sat down to enjoy this wonderful dish. A few tips, though this is a very easy dish to prepare – there are a lot of small things to do and the more you focus on the preparation, the easier the final assembly will be. Always a good idea to get a ramekin or small bowl to compress the rice in, so you will have better plate presentation.

Capitalism Vs Socialism Essays - Economic Ideologies,

Capitalism Vs Socialism Compare and Contrast Capitalism and Socialism Capitalism and socialism are both types of systems in different societies throughout the world that have been successful at times, but also not so fortunate in its' success at other times in history. Both have their good and bad points, although the main focus I am presenting will acknowledge socialism in better terms than the capitalist economy. This is to judge which system will be most prosperous, for the most amount of time, in the majority of people's lifetimes. Also, opinions from socialists are given to how they examine a capitalist society, and how capitalists examine a socialist society. Criticism is given in each one's point of view, along with defending arguments. Also, my personal opinion is the main conclusion to which economy is the most prosperous based on facts contributed in my own research on both capitalism and socialism. The definition for capitalism would be a form of social system that separates the economy from the state. Laissez faire is another name that was given by Scottish philosopher Adam Smith. He said it is better for a government to have no intervention in the economy at all. Capitalism is based upon private ownership of property and every person has the right to live his life in any manner he chooses, as long as he does not violate the rights of others. Individuals are allowed to run their own businesses in a free market in such way that he or she creates the wealth for him or her self. It usually depends on how self-motivated a person is to determine how wealth they will become. If a person is always working hard to make money, they most likely will, compared to a ?bum? who can not get welfare in this type of system. Capitalists believe that the only purpose of a government is to protect its citizens from force or fraud. They claim that the force is the protection of individual's rights . This is achieved in such ways as the use of police force to protect the rights of citizens at home, a military to protect citizens from foreign attack, and a court system to enforce contracts and settle disputes between residents. Capitalists also feel that initiating force can only violate rights, thus the government only uses force in relation of those who initiate it. For instance, if an individual can not start his own electric company, it is a violation of his freedoms. A capitalist's argument towards this statement would be that the governments' legal monopoly on utility companies prevents people from starting their own electric company. In a capitalist society all people can start any kind of business they want. The protections of monopolies are not there. If a person wants to take the chance on their own company, even if it is next to one that is successful, the peril is in their ?own hands.? The only law capitalists clearly state, and one must follow is that members of society can not infringe on the rights of others. They give credence to holding individual rights as absolutes, and freedoms as absolutes. From a purely economic view, a capitalist is a person who buys in order to sell for profit. Socialism is quite different compared to capitalism, almost like an exact opposite. Instead of the ownership of private property, the government plays a large role where society owns social property such as banks and factories. Although, they own it through the government. Socialism is a society where the

Work place language policies

Work place language policies The paper tries to establish the legality of a policy requiring workers to use only English during business hours. Mary, a manager, was charged with the role of ensuring all the employees were not discriminated either on basis of gender or country of origin.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Work place language policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the customer service representatives felt sexually harassed by Hispanic sales people who communicated in a vulgar way using Spanish in the Cafeteria. Non-Spanish speaking employees felt that Hispanic team members in field were speaking in Spanish during working hours, which endangered their lives. Use of Spanish was taken by other workers as a discriminatory and a way of not sharing crucial information with the rest. Mary sent memos to all the departmental heads prohibiting the use of any other language apart from English during business hours. The memo raised con cerns among different group of workers leading to Mary receiving complains on legality of the matters. Hispanic workers argued that the rule discriminated them on basis of country of origin. It was noted use of Spanish language, earlier within the organization, had led to firing of two workers by Levy in his department. The workers defied orders from Levy on use of English during working periods. Spanish employees argued that they did not use Spanish while around other technicians or the shop. Frank Loggins, the company head, having heard of the looming law suits asked Matt to act quickly to try and save the image of the organization. Matts answer to the enquiry was that he thought Mary had solved all the problems concerning the language. The company legal team had to try and research on the legality of Mary’s memo from decided cases. One finding was that the bilingual employees who wanted to sue the company were charged with the responsibility of proving that the company had been discriminating them on basis of language to the courts. The main problem that the complainants faced was that no case law or decided cases had equated language to the country of origin. Mary’s decision was shown to hold even when the workers went to court because it was supposed to prevent discrimination among the employees. Discrimination occurred when Spanish workers used Spanish in presence of non-Spanish speaking workers. The legality challenge that existed was on the mode of communicating the policy and the time when the policy was communicated to the different workers. Mary sent the memo to departmental heads but not to the affected workers within the company. She was supposed to get all the workers and explain to them what was happening and the changes occurred in language policy within the company.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sending the me mo when complains about language arose within the company was another legal challenge. The one language policy can be challenged through the Equal Opportunity Commission of the US. The commission holds that a one language policy within organizations is illegal if use of other languages is not affecting the safety of workers at the workplace. In this situation, the workers claimed they did not use English, while on business proceedings. The use of Spanish did not bring any jeopardy to the safety of other workers. To avoid the legal proceeding, Matt is supposed to meet all the departmental heads and explain to them the process of implementing a language policy in future. The business needed to carry out diversity training to all workers on need of using English at workplace and appreciating other workers culture.

Business Proposal for a Restaurant Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business for a Restaurant - Research Proposal Example One of the goals that the business seeks to achieve its expansion in the next two to four years. Additional services like accommodation will be available to the customers. When a new restaurant enters the market, it is expected to make enough profit that can finance the anticipated expansion. The restaurant will, therefore, implement efficient business management strategies. Tactical business spending will be the order of the day in this proposed business venture. A sole proprietor will own the business. The entrepreneur has chosen this ownership because of its simplicity. There is no sharing of all the profits from the business. The profits could then be used to expand the business rapidly. It is also easy to change the legal structure of the business. If the business expands, it can run as a limited liability company. The business will be located in the surroundings of Detroit City because it has a large client base. Some of the potential customers who already exist in the city inc lude youths working in different businesses, college students, and middle-aged people. Majority of these potential customers do not have enough time to cook for themselves during the day. These potential customers are willing to spend money on snacks, fast food, ethnic food, and comfort food. There is a challenge of price sensitivity among the potential customers. When food prices go up, they tend to prefer cooking for themselves rather than buying from restaurants. The typical customers targeted are people aged 20 to 49 years.

Discuss the primary business structure,functions and sub category of Essay

Discuss the primary business structure,functions and sub category of the NHS - Essay Example Thus health care is largely free for all patients ordinarily resident in United Kingdom, some set charges are payable for prescriptions, optician and dentistry services. Thus taxpayers actually fund NHS scheme to ensure that everyone has access to quality and timely heath care facility. Lately the concept of "internal market" has been introduces whereby the services are purchased from various sources either internal or other hospitals to make the system more efficient. In theory each division of NHS is supposed to break even, though practical picture is quite different many times. Repeated deficits and financial indiscipline can result in replacement of board of directors of the trusts of NHS The main function of NHS is to provide health care to all the ordinary residents of UK healthcare services free of cost funded through taxes. NHS operates through a complex web of trusts which act locally and are managed, monitored by Strategic Health Authorities (SHAs) to continuously improve the healthcare services. All the Primary subcategories are managed mainly by primary care trusts which overlook the GP, requisitioning other services like specialist, mental health, ambulance etc. SHAs have strategic role in managing the PCTs under their area. It is widely believed that NHS is the third largest employer in the world after Chinese Army and Indian Railways.

How do girls measure up to boys in Mathematics Essay

How do girls measure up to boys in Mathematics - Essay Example Therefore, girl’s participation in higher or advance mathematics subjects were less which led to a conclusion that boys have higher scores. Nowadays, more girls opt to take advance mathematics which results to same performance level in state tests. Also, the female population taking up SAT tests increased over the years which can be a fertile ground in comparing the performance of boys against girls. According to the article in Discovery, the study revealed that there was not much difference in the performance in math tests between girls and boys ( 2008). Furthermore, the National Science Foundation statistics revealed that : â€Å"†¦.In 2004, women earned 58 percent of all bachelor’s degrees, 78 percent of bachelor’s degrees in psychology, 62 percent in biological sciences, 51 percent in chemistry, 46 percent in mathematics, 25 percent in computer sciences, 22 percent in physics, and 21 percent in engineering.† ( 2007 ) Therefore, females do not really underperform in Math and Sciences as compared to Males. However, there are factors that affect girls in learning Math and Sciences which will be discussed in this paper. Cultural Orientation. Result of the study was the argument of professor and psychologist Janet Hyde that the cultural orientation are â€Å" incredibly influential†( cited in Media Relations, 2008 ). This means that girls are often not expected by their own parents to excel in Mathematics or other masculine field such as Engineering and Sciences since these areas are only suited for the boys. No wonder, girls were stereotyped as underperformers when it comes to Mathematics. The importance of self- esteem plays a big role in encouraging girls to perform in Mathematics. In 2007, a guide titled Encouraging Girls in Mathematics and Science was published by the National Center for Education Research. The main thrust of the

Impact Of Outward Bound Singapore Sport Essay

Impact Of Outward Bound Singapore Sport Essay What is outward Bound Outward Bound believe in reaching out to people who constantly seek to challenge themselves people with the will to chase their dreams and the zest to drive others forward. Through a wide range of fun and unique activities, Outward Bound brings out the dynamics of teamwork and drives people to go beyond themselves. Outward Bound believes that no obstacles are insurmountable as long as we work together. Outward Bound Singapore is part of global network of Outward Bound centres and is recognised locally and internationally as a leader in outdoor education and adventure learning. Outward bound is a learning adventure one that impels you to discover more about your inner self as it challenges your body, mind and soul to respond to an unfamiliar journey. It inculcates both mental and physical ruggedness and enables you to be more adaptable to changes and unafraid of the unknown. It also fosters teamwork and prepares you for the service of the larger community. OBS believe that while life slices and values may be taught in the classroom, they only gain true meaning through real life experiences. Through direct and purposeful outdoor experiences, OBS facilitate their trainees to face adventures and move beyond their personal boundaries to discover themselves. How Outward Bound (OB) was developed OB was established in 1941 in UK. Outward Bounds outdoor education courses are based on the principles learnt from training young British seamen to survive in the North Atlantic Ocean during the second world war. It was inspired by Dr. Kurt Hahn who was a German educator. Dr. Kurt Hahn recognized the needs of Lawrence Holt who is the head of the Blue Funnel Shipping Line which was a merchant shipping company. During World War II, when Blue Funnle Shipping Line was hit by German torpedoes the new seamen from Blue Funnle Shipping Line could not endure the surroundings in the lifeboat as compared to the sophisticated seamen Hahn felt that not having enough life experience might be the reason for the Blue Funnle Shipping line to be unable to endure the conditions in the boat during World War II. The German experienced seamen learnt a lot of piratical skills and they also knew how to handle a difficult situation which enabled them to have more confidence and ability to cope with the demanding challenges. Enhancing the young people confidence and the capacity to cope with life was the main intention of the intensity and mini-life experiences of outward bound To discover his students true capabilities through life experience that would help them find their greater capabilities, was one of Hahns philosophies. The name Outward Bound was given by Lawrence Holt. Outward Bound is used to refer to the flag Papa, flown on a ship when it was soon to leave port. It would be a signal to the sailors to return to the ship if the Outward Bound flag was flying. Outward Bound literally refers to the moment a ship leaves the harbour. This symbology remains important in Outward Bound, and participants on courses in many Outward Bound schools today receive a pin lapel of the flag papa. History of Outward Bound Singapore (OBS) In 1967, the idea of an Outward Bound School of Singapore (OBSS) was suggested by the Minister of the Interior and Defence and Deputy Chairman of the Peoples Association, Dr. Goh Keng Swee. Then, the nation was going through a period of uncertainty and to face challenges ahead, Singapores leaders had called for the building of a rugged society. The original school was started by two New Zealanders Hamish Thomas and Al Cameron in December 1967. It began with the objectives that still form the basis of the OBS today: To provide education, leadership and character training; developing the physical, mental and spiritual faculties of boys, girls, young men and women of all races of Singapore. The management of OBS was moved from the Peoples Association to the Ministry of Defence (Mindef) in 1971. Besides providing adventure training and leadership training to young men and women, it was an avenue to give ordinary Singaporeans a taste of military life. OBS was returned to the Peoples Association in 1991 and the school was been renamed Outward Bound Singapore. The aim of the school was to offer Singapores young people exciting activities to develop their physical and mental ruggedness, personal confidence and leadership qualities. What is OBS mission vision, motto and core values? MISSION To develop character, leadership skills and team spirit through direct and purposeful experience in the outdoors VISION To be a world-class Outward Bound centre for outdoor education and leadership development OBS MOTTO To serve, to strive and not to yield Their core values are: Safety Minded Safety is the foundation of the OBS. We are committed to the highest safety standard in whatever we do. Teamwork We contribute individually and as a team to achieve our vision and mission. Professionalism We strive for integrity and excellence in our work and conduct. To be the best in our field of contributions. Learning Driven We constantly challenge ourselves towards new areas of improvements and growth. People Centred We value our staff. We recognise good performance of our staff and are committed to developing them to their fullest potential. Customer Focused We value our customers and commit ourselves to constantly deliver excellent quality service. We strive to meet and exceed expectations. OBSs target group OBS does not only target youths, it is for everyone. With the wide range of courses, there will be something for everyone at OBS. OBS courses is customized to meet the society needs. Outward Bound Singapore target groups can be categorized into: Professionals, Youths, Kids and Family and for outdoor enthusiasts. Professionals In the corporate arena, leadership is the key to success and teamwork is essential to getting things done better, faster and more efficiently Many corporate leaders need to hone their ability to lead and motivate their teams. Through OBSs specially designed programmes, they will have the perfect opportunity to unleash their true potential and take themselves and their team to new heights. For executives looking to grow in the areas of leadership, team-building and change management, OBSs Professional Development Programmes (PDP) has a range of course that will help equip them with skills to overcome future challenges. Youths At OBS, they believe in helping young people make the most of their potential. Through learning-driven outdoor activities including rafting, kayaking and climbing guided by OBSs professional instructors, they give youths the opportunity to challenge themselves and develop valuable life skills. Step out of the classroom and venture beyond the textbook For kids and family OBS offers customised programmes for students aimed at fostering independence and interdependence life skills. Making use of outdoor experience such as camping, trekking, raft building, rock climbing and more, these programmes give children the opportunity to learn from each other and develop leadership qualities early in life. In addition, OBSs family programmes are designed to maximise quality time together for parents and children in which emotional bonds and family ties can be strengthened. When it comes to nurturing future leaders, an early start goes a long way. For Outdoor Enthusiasts Whether youre a newcomer to the great outdoors or an experienced outdoor leader, OBS has training programme which will hone your skills and enhance your development Nothing makes for a better outdoor experience than total confidence in your skills. OBSs Programmes OBS programmes are designed to be physically and mentally rugged, the programmes utilise the outdoor settings to develop character, values, mental ruggedness and a community spirit. By allowing them to learn through focused discussions and practical applications within fun environment, OBSs programmes complement what the participants have learnt in schools to provide them with a complete learning experience. Some programmes offered by OBS are: Character and leadership programmes Global programmes Special programmes/Youth-At-Risk Character Leadership Programmes OBS Youth Programmes are drawn out to attract the youth with an action-packed blend of adventures and surprises. Youths develop competencies such as self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, relationship management and responsible decision making as they move progressively through challenging problem-solving activities and expeditions. Orientation Induction Programmes Esprit de Corps My Outward Bound Journey A Leaders Journey Orientation Induction Programmes Esprit de Corps The Orientation Induction Programmes aims to build greater understanding and cohesion, school or class spirit in newly formed school cohorts. This programme focuses on self and team discovery. In Primary four and Secondary One, the students are relatively new to each other. In order to build greater understanding, cohesion, class spirit and strong bonds between the class mates, there is a special designed programme which is specially made for them, which is called â€Å"Camp Discovery.† Character Development Programmes My Outward Bound Journey Outward bound programmes is not only an outdoor adventure, it sis essentially an inward odyssey. It helps an individual to find out about his or her capabilities or potential and also learn to improve personal and leadership qualities. Character building, teamwork , dealing with the unfamiliar, familiarity with Challenge, Initiative, Tenacity and Personal Mastery are what one can gain from My Outward Bound Journey. Leadership Development Programmes A Leaders Journey By developing the key characteristics and competencies of an effective leader, one can be equip with the knowledge and skills of leadership through A Leaders Journey by OBS. The leadership Development not only allows personal growth but as well as acquirement of team management skills. Numerous leadership theories are included in each module and can be included in the Primary Four syllabus. Characteristics and styles of a leader and models of leadership are also used in the programme. Global programmes OBS also has overseas programmes. They have partnered with overseas Outward Bound and adventure centres to bring richness of an overseas experience to the participants. These overseas programmes are designed to give our youth a global outlook in life. OBS aim to inculcate: An Adventurous Spirit An adventurous spirit is basically helping youths to: Accept and overcome challenges and obstacles. Discover new horizons. Go beyond their limits. An Enterprising Spirit Help youths to: Knowledge the value of teamwork, trust, mutual support, leadership in decision making and problem solving skills. Become resourceful and creative. An International Perspective To help youths to: Knowledge the richness of culture, social and economic diversity available in other countries. The reason why OBS started the Global Programmes was because they wanted to give young people exposure to foreign cultures and environments. Each programme helps youths in building confidence, leadership, tenacity and other personal attributes aimed at helping youths develop a more adventurous and enterprising attitude. Through a global disclosure the Global Programmes are intended to give youth a global outlook in life, aimed to inculcate an adventurous enterprising spirit, and cultivate an international perspective. Participants can anticipate an experience that ranges from 8 to 26 days in an abroad centre. The programmes are categorized into series of the Adventure Challenge Courses. Adventure Challenge A Global Perspectives Classic 21-Day Challenge The ultimate of OB Experience Other Customised Programmes Adventure Challenge A Global Perspective OBS takes secondary and tertiary students on an exhilarating Outward Bound journey to Sabah, Perak, Brunei Darussalam, India, Mongolia, Philippines, Croatia, Taiwan and Australia for Adventure Challenge programme. Having severe expeditions in deep snow conditions in South Korea, Japan and China is a challenge that will be faced by the student leaders given by OBS. Awareness of personal and group goal-setting, planning and coordinating as a group, team development and personal leadership styles are skills that will be developed in the participants through the disclosure to unknown tropical and winter environments. Classic 21-Day Challenge The ultimate of OB Experience To help young adults realize their potential, a mentally and physically demanding course that features a range of activities and challenges are designed. The surrounding islands of Singapore and the rural environment of Pulau Ubin is the classroom of the classic 21-day Outward Bound programme. The programme uses the journey concept and allows participants to experience an array of elements and multi-expeditions which keep them on the move most of the time. It will help participants develop their personal attributes and contribution in the context of a group while also exploring their leadership potential. Other Customised Programmes OBS is specialized character development and/or leadership development and team development. OBS alter programmes just to meet the precise needs of their customers. Before arriving at the final conclusion of the programme design, OBS works with their clients to establish objectives, expectations and desired outcome. These programmes can be targeted at explicit profile groups such as Gifted Education groups, Integrated Programme schools, International schools, Specialized Independent schools, School Staff Training (Teachers/ HODs /Principal) and many more. Sharing by two students who have attended Outward Bound Singapores Global programmes: â€Å"Ill definitely remember this Outward Bound Course for life because it has given me immense satisfaction. The safety precautions are all kept in check, and I have never once felt that my safety has been compromised. It has indeed been a fruitful experience, and it has helped in shaping my character and building up my ability to adapt to different situations and face greater challenges in my personal, academic and work life.† Tong Pei Shan, undergraduate (after completing her South Africa programme) â€Å"I have learnt that as we step out of our comfort zone, we adapt to our new environment and grow stronger in the process, if we were to stay in our comfort zone, we can never be successful in life. This programme to Australia has left great impact on me and I learnt a lot in the 10 days and this is something that cannot be achieved in the classrooms.† Chen Libo. Hwa Chong Institution (after completing his Australia programme) Special programmes/Youth-At-Risk OBS does not only cater to normal youth but also there are programmes that help youths who needs special needs and youths who had once gone through a bad phase in life (youths that had done things which are against the law). The special programmes are: Youth at risk programmes Special needs programme These programmes are developed by using programming principles based on psychology and social work research. Youth at Risk Programmes These altered programmes are made to help the youth to learn and know more about themselves. Development of life skills and promotion of healthy lifestyles, attitudes and perspectives are also achieved by these programmes. Basically what this programme aims to do is to instil this phrase in them, â€Å"a difficult past does not mean a difficult future.† These programmes might give the youths a fast and good solution on the spot but rather it is helping them to create opportunities to help them discover that the solution they are seeking for is found within themselves and no one else. Special Needs Programmes In these programme, the participants may have an intellectual disability, learning disability and or a physical disability. Through this programme these participants with special needs can experience what outdoor is. They will also be able to build self confidence and develop life skills like teamwork, communication and leadership. Below are some comments shared by the special need programmes participants: â€Å" Dont give up easily, persevere, be patient, cooperate†¦and only we can overcome our fear. There is no way we can overcome our fear if we dont want to, no matter how much our friends or parents or others encourage us, if we dont want to overcome it, we cant.† â€Å" I learnt that I should be more cooperative towards others and when we make mistakes, the issue is that we should learn how to admit it, learn from it and dont repeat it again†. â€Å"I learned life lessons its our CHOICE, our LIFE. Learn to walk out of DARKNESS.† Conclusion OBS helps people discover and develop their potential to care for themselves, others and the world around them through challenging experiences in unfamiliar settings. â€Å"OBS nurtures the youths to be physically and mentally strong. They develop self-confidence, resilience, leadership and teamwork. They are instilled with the resolve to strive and succeed, and the sense of responsibility to give back to the society. Through the ruggedness of the OBS course, inner strength is built up and values vital to the success of our nation are imbued.† Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong The question is how does OBS benefit the society? The answer is by instilling values in them, by teaching them beyond the classroom. The sense of community service, teamwork, self-confidence, discipline and values inculcated during OBS course are very important for an individual to have. OBS does not only help youths, it helps the whole society; everyone, from young to middle age to old and even special children (having any kind of disability). One of OBSs target groups is the corporate world. In the corporate world there will be new challenges everyday and we will need good leaders to lead. Not only do we need a good leader but a good team who can work well with each other and have the â€Å"never give up† attitude to overcome any obstacles. Outward Bound Singapore does help companies with this; Outward Bound Singapores programmes will have the perfect opportunity to unleash the leaders true potential and take themselves and their team to new heights. Instilling values in oneself is never too early. OBS programmes for kids and family instil leadership qualities in the kids who will one day go into the working world and apply their values that they have learned in OBS. Not only that, OBS strengthens the bond between the family members too. There is more to learn outside the classroom. Outward Bound Singapore gives the society these opportunities to learn and instil the values which will be life-long and priceless values. They help individuals to overcome their fears, challenge themselves, instil values like perseverance, confidence, discipline, teamwork and also unleash their potential. All these do benefit the society, it benefits every individual who goes for the Outward Bound Singapore course and I think it will be a life changing experience if one were to go for OBSs course. OBS is indeed an organization that makes a difference in the society and gets a youth ready for anything in life. Below are some appreciation shown to OBS by some principals. The reason for putting this in this report is to show how much of a difference can OBS make in the society. Its very good programmes organised by OBS for my staff. We enjoyed and picked up some learning points that will be very useful for all of us. Mr Yap Juye Long, Principal, Yuhua Secondary School I enjoyed the morning at OBS very much. I appreciate the meaningful work and experience at OBS. Good place for my staff too. Miss Yap Wah Choo, Principal, Nanyang Girls High School Thank You OBS for your hospitality and for being our long-term partner in nurturing our sec 3 students each year, imparting the mental resilience they will need to succeed at their ‘O levels and in life. Mrs Tan Ming Fern, Vice-Principal, Tanjong Katong Girls School By the sharing of the principals and the special children (mentioned earlier in the report) experience from what they have learnt in OBS I hope we all can see how important is or rather how huge impact does Outward Bound Singapore does on an individual which makes up the society. I would like to end of the report by two sharing which is by Mr Lui Tuck Yew and Outward Bound International (OBI) â€Å"This is an important programme because it contributes to how we prepare our young well for the future. Prepare them well and we prepare Singapore well for the challenges ahead.† RAdm (NS) Lui Tuck Yew, Minister of State, Ministry of Education â€Å"As one of the longest established Outward Bound centres worldwide, your training programmes have contributed to the development of leadership, character and team spirit of Singapores youth and future leaders. OB Singapore has been a model global citizen, always willing and able to offer assistance across borders in many ways.† G. Kelly ODea, Chairman of the Board, Outward Bound International References: http://www.outwardbound.org.au/index2.php?option=com_contentdo_pdf=1id=1 http://wilderdom.com/outwardbound/ob.html http://www.obs.pa.gov.sg/1145960592565/1150181215714.html http://www.obs.pa.gov.sg/1216716473248.html http://www.obs.pa.gov.sg/1216716476527.html Magazines

Books for Africa Essay example -- Non-Charitable Organization

Books for Africa has kept over 28 million books out of landfills.(â€Å"Got books†page 1) Books for Africa is a organization that sends books to less fortunate children in Africa. Books for Africa is working hard to improve literacy rates in Africa. Books for Africa is a non-charitable organization that sends books to less fortunate kids in Africa. The organization is 100 percent volunteers dedicated to raising money to buy books. I'm sure you are wondering about sending books to Africa. The African literacy rate is very low and sending books to Africa helps the children in Africa learn how to read and write. (â€Å"Why Books?† Page 1) So, the organization is trying to fill the library shelves with books. United States Congressman of Minnesota said Keith Ellison â€Å"In Kenya, we were in a small village and the students had a wonderful school. They were eager to learn. They had motivated teachers, but they didn’t have any books in the school. They had no library. And so, imagine how proud I was to open up this box of shiny new encyclopedias and dictionaries from Books For Africa. They want more of your books. They can’t wait. They can’t get enough of these books.† (â€Å"Why Books?† page 1) Last year, Books for Africa sent 10 sea containers to Africa. (â€Å"Got books† page 1) Each container can hold up to 22,000 books and each costs $9,800. (â€Å"Books from America† page 1) Books are like video games in Africa, kids love them. So, that is why this organization sends books. They don’t only send books to kids in Africa they send E books, which are electronic devices that allow you to download books to them and you read them off of there. (â€Å"E-books for Africa† page 1†) Which is great since they don't have many books and the books they have are usually... ... bridge from misery to hope.†(â€Å"Books for Africa† page 1) Charity navigator the magazine said, â€Å"Books For Africa has earned its third consecutive 4-star rating for its ability to efficiently manage and grow its finances. Only 11% of the charities we rate have received this 'exceptional' designation, indicating that Books For Africa consistently executes its mission in a fiscally responsible way and outperforms most other charities in America.† (â€Å"Books for Africa† page 1) This just shows how this organization is growing. Its growing fast to! Books for Africa is doing everything in there power to increase the literacy rate in Africa. It is shown that in the communities that have received books more people are becoming more literate. This proves that Books for Africa is doing a lot to improve literacy rates. Books for Africa is going to do great things in the future.

Health Care Structures and Divisions Essay

Complete the worksheet according to the following guidelines: In the space provided, write each term’s definition as used in health care. You must define the term in your words; do not simply copy the definition from a textbook. In the space provided after each term’s definition, provide a sentence that illustrates the importance of the skill, concept, procedure, organization, or tool to which the term refers. In your explanation, you may wish to consider the following: How has it influenced health care? Why is it important to understand the appropriate application of the term or concept? Save the completed worksheet as a Microsoft ® Word document with your name in the file name. Submit the file to your facilitator. Note. You must define 30 basic health care terms related to health care structures and divisions in this worksheet. Therefore, also in the terms already provided for you below, finish the additional spaces on the worksheet with terms from your reading or discussion you were not previously familiar with and had to research. Submitted by Porsche Piggie Term Definition in your words Use the term in a sentence as it applies to the health care industry. Hospital A hospital is a place where a person can go to get medical treatment and health diagnoses Hospitals and Healthcare facilities are a key factor that influence healthcare because this is where healthcare providers can utilize their skills to help individuals with their diseases, injuries or illnesses.  By providing a treatment solution. Ambulatory care facility Ambulatory Care is care where you don’t have to get hospitalized. It’s a facility where you mostly receive medical care or services on an outpatient basis. Ambulatory care can range from a simple routine to a complex procedure. Ambulatory care facilities have influenced healthcare because it is the most frequent contact people have with the healthcare system. It’s important to understand the concept of the term because ambulatory care is the most familiar type of health care people receive. Ambulatory care can be provided in an office of either an individual or group practice. Wellness Center Wellness Center is a place where individuals can get health services for the mind and body such as skin care services, nutrition consulting, personal training and fitness. Wellness centers are important because it tries to reduce toxic stress on the community. Wellness centers main goal has influenced the growth of health care by realizing reducing stress on the community that can help improve the society health level. Physician’s Office Is where a provider or a group of providers maintains an office. This is where ambulatory clients and outpatients are seen to diagnose and prescribe treatment for diseases that are not required admission or overnight stay. Physician’s office has a great impact on healthcare because it is one of the most frequently used healthcare settings. It’s important to understand that concept of the term because a physician’s office is only designed to provide diagnoses, treatment, and consultation. Some offices may have their labs and x-ray equipment for performing tests. However, serious ill patients that cannot quickly diagnose or treated will be sent to the hospital Hospice care facility Hospice care facilities is a health institution that provides care that concentrations in patients who are in their final stage of life because of a deadly illness. Hospice care focus on making their last days of life comfortable and pain-free. It’s important to understand the concept of Hospice care because it is not there to cure illnesses or lengthen life  expectancy. It is designed to provide support and comfort to the patient in their last days. Hospice concentrates on the management of pain; with that being said hospice has influenced health care by also realizing it’s important to focus on the patients comfort level when they are in the terminal stage of life. Long-term care facility Long – term care facilities are institutions that provides people of all ages that are unable to take care of themselves because of physical and impairments. It important to understand the concept of this term because it implies, this care is for extended periods, ranging from months to years to a lifetime. For instance, I work at an Auto TBI Long – Term Care facility where the residences have been there for years since their auto accident. The majority of the residences consider the facility to be there home and will spend all their days living in this facility. Home health care Home health care is taking care of an individual medically at their residence. Usually, there is a home health aide that comes to the house that provides the medical care for the patient. Home healthcare has influenced health care by improving the quality of care for the people who have no family members to take care of them. Therefore, with that being said, it’s very critical to understand the concept of this term because it is health care that can provide care to an individual outside of a healthcare facility inside their residence. Mental health facility Mental Health Facilities is health institution that provides mental treatment for individuals with mental illnesses and include ways to prevent medical disorders. Mental Health Facilities has impact healthcare by providing a health institution that specialize in mental health. Mental health facilities have helped aid the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Nonprofit facility A nonprofit facilities is institutions that don’t earn the profit for its owners. All the money that it earned or donated to use it for pursuing the facility’s objectives. Nonprofit facilities have influence health care by providing a way always to make sure the facility’s objectives and needs are  being handled. For the healthcare professionals to serve their patients with the best care. Public health Public Health is the concern for the society health. Public heath concentrations in the community as a whole, instead of the individual. Public health is important to healthcare because it focus on the prevention of widespread diseases, illnesses and try to prevent a lack of or poor quality of healthcare. CCRC Emergency room The emergency room is where you can take yourself or an individual who are in need of urgent care. This is also where you can take yourself or an individual who needs medical care after normal healthcare clinics or offices are close. It’s important to understand the concept of the term emergency room because this is where the community can receive urgent medical attention. Emergency rooms are very influential to healthcare because it developed the thought of having a 24-hour medical attention for the community. Physical therapy Physical therapy is the therapy that concentrates on helping improve an individual with physical injuries or disabilities. A rehabilitation program that help improves an individual’s physical independence. Physical Therapy has impact healthcare in many ways. Physical therapy is a treatment that can help improves someone’s physical state without the method of drugs or surgery. It’s important to understand the concept of physical therapy because it can consist of massage heat treatment, exercising, strengthen, and balance techniques. Radiology Radiology is the study of x-rays, sound waves and other forms of radiation and energy to create images and diagnoses. Radiology has impact healthcare by inventing a way to improve treatment by having the ability to view the bone imaging of the body. Pediatrics A pediatrics is a health care physician that specialize in children and their medical treatments. A pediatric has influence healthcare because  concentrates on the wellness of children. Surgical ward The Surgical Unit is where patients are taken care of after surgical procedures. It is very important to understand the concept of the term because the surgical unit only contains the post-operative surgical patients. Also, the term ward is outdated. It was used when hospitals had large rooms with multiple patients. Most hospitals now have semiprivate and private rooms only. The surgical â€Å"floor† or â€Å"unit† is the area of the hospital where the patients expect to have or have had surgical procedures Oncology Oncology is the study of cancer or the medical specialty that deals with cancer. Oncology has influenced health care because it has invented new ways to prevent, or maintain cancer. I am blessed to have oncology and their new studies because my grandmother have been breast cancer free for two years now Ultrasound Is a technique that typically used for medical imaging. An ultrasound can be sound or other vibrations having an ultrasonic frequency. Ultrasounds have influenced the healthcare by providing ways to monitor the growth of a baby while it’s in its developing stages Hematology Is the study of blood Understanding the concept of Hematology is important because it is how physicians learn to use blood to run tests and figure out diseases or disorders that can be found in the bloodstream. Hematology has influence healthcare by showing us when it’s something wrong with your blood; it can affect your overall health. Cardiology Cardiology is the study of the heart Cardiology has influence healthcare because it has shown that its more beneficial for a person to stay more active or fit because people like them are less likely to have coronary heart disease ICU ICU is the abbreviation for intensive care unit. The intensive care unit is a  particular department in the hospital or healthcare facility that provides extreme care. The intensive care unit has improved healthcare by providing the community with a unit that specialize in patients who need extreme care. Orthopedics Orthopedics is the knowledge and practice of producing straightness of the bones and muscles in children or adults. Orthopedics has influence healthcare by constantly finding ways to improve joint and muscle damage. It is shown that the majority of the households in America is affected in some fashion by diseases of the joints, skin, bones, and muscles. Neurology Neurology is the study of the nervous system or medical specialty that deals with the nervous system. Neurology has impact healthcare by studying the nervous system. As an individual with Cerebral Palsy neurology has made a big different in my life. Neurology has help people with nerve issues like Cerebral Palsy by providing with treatments that will help individuals live a better life. OB/GYN OB/GYN is the abbreviation of obstetrics and gynecology. OB is short for obstetrics or obstetrician, which is a physician who specialized in the female reproductive organs. Gynecology means the study of women. Gynecology has influenced health care because it focuses on disorders of the female organ. Gynecology focuses on prevention of the female reproductive organs illnesses and diseases. It’s very important to understand the full concept of the term OB/GYN because they also the physician who delivers babies ENT ENT is the abbreviation meaning for ears, nose and throat. It is also linked to the medicine field called otolaryngology. The ears are for hearing and the sensation of balance. The nose is use for the sense of smell. The pharynx (throat) and the larynx (voice box) is use for speech. Otolaryngology is important to the health care field because it provides us with the medical treatment for common colds and viruses that infects the ears, nose and throat. Gastroenterology The study of the stomach and intestines Gastroenterology influence healthcare by providing the public with informative information regarding the digestive system and the keys organs that plays a part of digesting food Pharmacology Pharmacology is the study of drugs and medicines. As a pharmacist, you are someone who specializes in medicines and drugs. Pharmacology has influence healthcare quality and improvement by inventing drugs and medicine that help in the prevention, maintain, or improvement for an illnesses, disease or injury. Proprietary Hospitals Are hospitals that are operated for the financial gain of the individuals, partnerships, or corporations that own them. Proprietary hospitals have made an impact in healthcare because more than 50% of the community hospitals are a part of a corporate system, and the mergers will continue in the twenty-first century. Nervous System Nervous System Is a system that includes the brain, neurons, cranial nerves, cerebrospinal fluid, spinal cord, and spinal nerves. The nervous system functions are to relay, receive, and interpret sensory information for the senses of balance, vision, body position, hearing, temperature, smell, touch, taste, and pain. It also coordinates body movement and stores and interpret emotion and memory It’s important to understand the concept of the term nervous system because this system is very valuable to the human body without the nervous system our bodies won’t have the senses and sensations we need in order to live Health Promotion Services Are services that help individuals decrease the risk of illness, follow healthy lifestyles and maintain optimal function. For example, hospitals that offer consumers prenatal nutrition. Health promotion services influence healthcare by providing the community with classes that explains the general health of women and children, health promotion services provide ways to help individuals decrease the risk of illness, follow healthy lifestyles and maintain optimal function. As you progress through your program, you are encouraged to continue to use  your weekly vocabulary exercises to build a master glossary as a quick reference guide to using in your coursework and your health care career.

Double Science Coursework Essay Example

Double Science Coursework Essay Example Double Science Coursework Essay Double Science Coursework Essay The aim of this investigation is to identify any pattern that may exist in the way water moves in and out of plant cells.Variables:Dependant Variables : Mass of potato piecesIndependent variables: Concentration Of SolutionsControlled Variables: Solution VolumeSurface AreaDuration Of ExperimentTemperatureWeighing scales.Background Research:Plasmolysis:This is the contraction of cells within plants due to water loss through the process of osmosis. This happens when there is a higher concentration of water inside the cell than outside the cell, and thus water is drawn through the selective membrane from the area of high water concentration to the area with low water concentration.Hypotonic Solution:This is a solution with a lower concentration of solute, and thus a higher concentration of water than the cytoplasm of the cell. Therefore water moves into the cell, causing the cell to swell up.Hypertonic Solution:This is a solution with a higher concentration of solute, and thus a lower co ncentration of water than that within the cytoplasm of the cell. Therefore water moves out of the cell, causing it to contract.Isotonic Solution:This is a solution which has the same concentration of solute as that within the cell. Therefore there would be no movement of water through osmosis.Turgor Pressure:This is the positive internal pressure in the cell resulting from osmotic pressure i.e. it is the pressure of the cell contents pressing against the cell wall.Osmotic Pressure:In a hypotonic solution, water moves into the cell, and as the water moves into the cell, osmotic pressure increases. The reason why plant cells do not burst due to this pressure is that they have a strong cell wall made of cellulose that holds the cell together.Functions of Cell Wall in Plants:* They provide rigidity to the cells, maintaining their shape.* They protect against pathogens.* They prevent the cell from bursting when enough water enters the cell.* They are a store of carbohydrates for the plan t as they are made of the carbohydrate polymer called cellulose.Factors That Can Affect The Experiment:* Temperature As the temperature increases, the particles will gain energy, and thus move about more causing the rate of osmosis to increase.* Surface Area If the potato pieces were smaller, together they would have a larger surface area, assuming the total mass stayed the same, and thus the area for osmosis to take place would increase, and therefore the rate of osmosis would increase as well.Preliminary Results:Components of solutionMass of solute (g)Volume Of Water (cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½)Mass at start (g)Mass at end (g)Mass change (g)Water01522.4+0.4Water + sugar11522.1+0.1Water + sugar21522.2+0.2Water + salt11521.6-0.4Water + salt21521.8-0.2For our preliminaries, we chose two solutions of sugar and salt each, with different concentrations of solute. We also conducted one test with just a solution of plain water. Although we found a general trend that mass increases for sugar, and de creases for salt, I believe that these results were not very accurate, as we did not control the surface are of the potato pieces, and instead concentrated on the mass. However, this experiment gave us an idea of what to expect for our main experiment, and we were able to make a prediction. Moreover, from our preliminaries, we were able to make the decision to use salt in our main experiment. We decided this as we found that it was a lot easier to weigh and handle the salt, rather than sugar, thus it would give us a better chance to obtain reliable and consistent results.Prediction:My prediction is that for the lower concentrations, the mass of the potato will increase as the conc. inside the cell will be greater, however, I believe that as we increase the concentrations of the solute, the mass of the potatoes will decrease.List Of Apparatus:* 18 test tubes* Potatoes* Core borer* Salt* Sugar (for preliminaries)* Distilled water* Weighing scales* Scalpel* Spatula* Measuring cylinders * Beakers* Ruler* Weighing boats* Test tube holders* Stirring RodMethod:* First we prepared the potato pieces by using a core borer to produce pieces of the same circumference.* Then using a ruler and a scalpel, we cut the pieces to the same length so as to ensure the same surface area.* We then placed the pieces in weighing boats and measured their mass on weighing scales.* Next we prepared the solutions by inserting the right amount of solute into 100cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of distilled water in a measuring cylinder.* We then stirred it using a stirring rod in a beaker.* After that we measured out 25cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½of the solutions using a measuring cylinder.* Then we poured 25cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of the solutions into the test tubes.* Next we placed the potato pieces in the test tubes containing the solutions.* We placed the test tubes in holders, and left them for 6 hours.* Then we extracted the potato pieces, dried them and measured their mass.* Lastly, we recorded the results on a table, and c alculated the average mass change for each concentration.Reliability:* We used the same weighing scale for all measurements so as to ensure that there was no discrepancy in the recordings.* We used the same core borer to make sure that the pieces had the same circumference.* We properly dried the potato pieces to ensure that any water on the surface of the potatoes would not affect the results.* We used the same type of test tubes so as to make sure that the surface area in contact remained the same.* We also made sure that the setup of the apparatus was the same for every test so that it did not affect the results.Safety:* Roll up sleeves and any loose clothing.* Be careful when using the scalpel.* Keep the desk clear of bags, books and other items.* Wear goggles.OBTAINING EVIDENCE% Concentration Of Salt per 100ml of water.Length Of Potato Pieces (cm)Mass At Start (g)Mass At End (g)Mass Change (g)Average Mass Change (g)010.800.98+0.18010.720.85+0.13+0.15010.660.80+0.140.410.730.82+ 0.090.410.790.89+0.10+0.09660.410.710.81+0.100.810.790.85+0.060.810.740.80+0.06+0.05660.810.810.86+0.051.210.740.71-0.031.210.760.74-0.02-0.031.210.720.68-0.041.610.740.69-0.051.610.810.76-0.05-0.04661.610.670.63-0.042.010.750.60-0.152.010.730.58-0.15-0.152.010.820.67-0.15Through this experiment, I have found out that the point where the solution is isotonic is between 0.8% and 1.2% concentration of salt; I will be able to predict the exact point by drawing a graph of the results. The results show that as we go below this point, the mass of the potatoes increases, due to water being taken in, and when we go above this point, the mass of the potatoes start to decrease as water is being lost.Graph:The graph that I have drawn of Average Mass Change against % Concentration Of Salt clearly shows the effect concentration has on the mass of the potato pieces. The linear relationship between the variables is quite strong, the potato pieces in the solution of plain water show the greatest in crease, and after that, as the concentration increases, the mass change of the potatoes decrease, until around 1.0% where the solution is said to be isotonic. As we increase the concentrations past 1%, the potato pieces lose more and more mass. The graph has a strong negative correlation. For the data, I used averages of the results for each concentration, and the graph shows that the value for 1.6% may be anomalous. I will evaluate whether this is the case, and if so what caused it in my evaluation.Conclusion:After studying the results, I was able to ascertain that my prediction was indeed right, because it was evident that the experiment followed the pattern I predicted. The mass of the potatoes did go up for the lower concentrations that were below the point where the solution would be isotonic, as the concentration of water was higher in the solution and water entered the plant cells. The mass of the potatoes did decrease for the higher concentrations, where water left the cell due to the concentration of water being higher inside the cell.EvaluationI believe that my results are fairly reliable, as I have done them to the best of my ability with the equipment available to me, controlled the variables carefully, and double checked all measurements and also made sure that the apparatus was properly set up every time. Through my graph, I could identify two results that might possibly be anomalous, as it did not completely conform with my line of best fit.The results for 1.6% showed a mass decrease of 0.0466 g, when it shouldve been around 0.09g, and the results for 0.8% showed a mass increase of 0.0566g, when it shouldve been around 0.03g I believe that this could have come about due to us not drying the beaker and the test tubes properly, and thus causing the solution to become more diluted, meaning that the diffusion gradient would be decreased, and less water would be lost by the plant. Therefore, if I were to repeat the experiment, I would take greater ca re in drying the apparatus, or maybe even use fresh beakers and test tubes for each test.

What Deferred or Waitlisted Students Can Do to Improve Their Chances

What Deferred or Waitlisted Students Can Do to Improve Their Chances Students that have been deferred or waitlisted from their top choice school face a big dilemma. Should they just sit tight or is there anything they can do to better their chances of getting accepted? Understanding the Difference Between Deferred and Waitlisted Being deferred from a college is not the same as being placed on the waitlist. Most college deferrals occur when a student has applied early action (EA) or early decision (ED) to a college.  When a college defers an applicant, it means their application has been changed to a regular decision (RD) application and will be re-considered during the normal admissions review.  If the original application was a binding ED, it no longer is and the student can choose to go to another school even if accepted in the regular process. Waitlisted means that the applicant has not been accepted but could still be considered if enough students that were accepted choose not to attend the college. Even though being waitlisted sounds better than being rejected, odds of getting off a waitlist are not in a student’s favor. Christine K. VanDeVelde, journalist and coauthor of the book College Admission: From Application to Acceptance, Step by Step, explains, â€Å"Waitlists were much smaller 15-20 years ago before the common application. Colleges need to meet their enrollment numbers. With more students sending in applications, it is harder for schools to predict how many students will accept their offer so waitlists tend to be larger.† Re-Evaluate if the School Is the Right School Not being accepted to a first choice college can be upsetting. But before doing anything else, students that have been deferred or waitlisted should re-evaluate and determine whether the school is still their first choice. Several months will have passed since a student has sent in their application for consideration. In that time, some things may have changed, and it is possible a student may not be as confident that their original first choice school is still the right choice. For some students, a deferral or waitlist turns out to be good thing and an opportunity to find another school that is a better fit. What Can  Students Do if They Have Been Waitlisted? Students are not usually placed on a waitlist but told that they can choose to be placed on the waitlist.  VanDeVelde explains, â€Å"Students need to respond by submitting a form or emailing the college by a set date. If you dont, you will not be placed on the waitlist.† The waitlist letter will also let students know what, if any, additional information they will need to submit to the school, such as sending in recent grades or additional letters of recommendation. VanDelde cautions,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Colleges usually give clear directions. Its in the students best interest to follow them.† Students that have been waitlisted may not find out until August if they have been accepted, so they do need to make a deposit at another college even if the school they have been waitlisted at remains their first choice. What Can  Students Do if They Have Been Deferred? If a student has been deferred and is 100% confident he still wants to attend the school, there are things he can do to improve his chances. Call the Admissions Office VanDeVelde says, â€Å"A student, NOT a parent, can call or email the admissions office to ask for feedback on why the student wad deferred. Maybe they are concerned about a certain grade and want to see if the student improves over the semester.† VanDeVelde advises students to advocate for themselves in a clear and articulate manner. Says VanDeVelde, â€Å"This is not about bringing pressure. It is about whether the school has room for the student.†Ã‚   Send Additional Information Make sure updated grades/transcripts have been sent in a timely manner. Beyond recent grades, students can also update the school on their recent accomplishments, honors, etc. Students can email this information to admissions along with a letter reiterating their interest and commitment to attending the school. Students may consider sending additional recommendations.  Brittany Maschal, a private college counselor, says, â€Å"An extra letter from a teacher, coach or someone else close to the student who can speak to what they have done to contribute to the university may be helpful.† Do not send recommendations from successful or famous alumni of the school unless the person truly knows the student. Maschal explains, â€Å"Many students ask if these types of letters are helpful and the answer is no. A big name vouching for you generally will not help as a stand-alone factor.† Ask Guidance Office for Assistance An admissions office may provide additional details as to why a student was deferred to a school counselor. A school counselor can also advocate on a student’s behalf. Request an Interview Some schools offer applicant interviews on or off campus with alumni or admissions representatives. Visit the College If time permits, consider visiting or re-visiting the campus. Sit in on a class, stay overnight, and take advantage of any admissions events/programming you may not have during the initial process. Consider Re-Taking Standardized Test or Taking Additional Tests As this can be time consuming, it is probably only worthwhile if the school has directly expressed concern over the test scores. Keep Grades Up and Continue With Activities Many students get second semester senioritis.  Their grades might fall or they may slack off on extracurricular activities–especially if they are feeling dejected about not getting an immediate acceptance from a first choice school.  But these senior year grades can be a determining factor for admission. Guest columnist Randi Mazzella is a freelance writer and mother of three.  She primarily writes about parenting, family life and teen issues.  Her work has appeared in many online and print publications including Teen Life, Your Teen, Scary Mommy, SheKnows and  Grown and Flown.

Business Ethics In Tyco International Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Ethics In Tyco International - Essay Example It tried to offer the high level of commitment and fair practices to its customer enhance its range of traffic as well as implementing to offer the higher degree of concentration over value-based leadership views. This is because value-based leadership describes a manager as a type of leader who acts for the betterment of the organization. He or she implements the decisions or ideas of the employees of the organization after vigorous discussion with them so as to attain the detailed information about them. Side by side, it also helps in analyzing the pros and cons of the ideas so that it might prove effective for the organization in the long run. Other than this, in value-based leadership, the manager or leader motivates the employees or co-workers in such a way so that they might work to accomplish the objective or goal of the organization. Apart from this, prior implementing any new law or regulation, he also tries to communicate with all so as to evaluate its pros and cons. Moreov er, the manager or leader of Tyco international always tries to maintain fair practices within the employees and also encourages healthy competition with its rivals. As a result, the level of commitment among the employees and the management or the leader also becomes more and more effective resulting in amplification of its level of performance of the organization and the individual employees as well. So as per the manager or leader of Tyco international good ethics leads to effective business dealings.... It tried to offer high level of commitment and fair practices to its customer enhance its range of traffic as well as implementing to offer higher degree of concentration over value-based leadership views. This is because value-based leadership describes a manager as a type of leader who acts for the betterment of the organization. He or she implements the decisions or ideas of the employees of the organization after vigorous discussion with them so as to attain the detailed information about them. Side by side, it also helps in analyzing the pros and cons of the ideas so that it might prove effective for the organization in long run (OToole, 52). Other than this, in value based leadership the manager or leader motivates the employees or co-workers in such a way so that they might work to accomplish the objective or goal of the organization (Tyco, 21). Apart from this, prior implementing any new law or regulation, he also tries to communicate with all so as to evaluate its pros and c ons. Moreover, the manager or leader of Tyco international always tries to maintain fair practices within the employees and also encourages healthy competition with its rivals. As a result, the level of commitment among the employees and the management or the leader also becomes more and more effective resulting in amplification of its level of performance of the organization and the individual employees as well. So as per the manager or leader of Tyco international good ethics leads to effective business dealings (OToole, 54). However, such type of commitment and fair decision making process is lacked in case of Samsung. Apart from this, the management of the Samsung do not desire any sort of participation of the employees prior making any new

Critically analyse the role of senior managers as barriers to Essay

Critically analyse the role of senior managers as barriers to organizational change and explore how this can be addressed - Essay Example It is the objective of this study to delve deeper into this controversial premise, explore how management overcome resistance to change, compare how differing and contrasting theories impact the work organization, and finally to present methodologies to address resistance to proposed change(s) in the organizational, administrative and technological structures. As the Greek philosopher Heraclitus said, â€Å"Change is the only ever constant in this world†, and change is inevitable for evolution, development and fulfillment of any tangible or intangible object, concept or idea. Change creates opportunity for growth (Baker).It is the basic nature of man to resist change, and as Dr. Claude Brodeur states â€Å"We resist change. We choose to keep our habits, rather, the comfort of our habits† (Barriers†¦cited by E-commerce Expert ) It is this becoming too comfortable and complacent with our habits that gives rise to our distinct culture or behavior which often are not r eceptive to any disturbance or change,and as such, habit has become our individual culture and custom. Change cannot be easily undertaken by clashing with this individual culture, but rather by focusing on the work itself (Beer and Spector,1990). Change can be implemented on three potential areas: organizational structure, technology and people (Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior,2006; Aladwani, 2001) and each area has its own definite, peculiar concerns that can impact and affect over-all employee attitude and behavior. Some changes may call for a company’s organizational upgrading and this may cover the company’s own policies, rules and regulations; the creation or abolishment of certain departments, altering the number of employees under each supervisor, or can be much simpler like clarifying someone’s job description (UnderstandingBehavior†¦ 2006). Technological change refers to new gadgets or equipment for better efficiency, while chang es in people refer to changing employees’ set behavioral patterns and attitudes. Of all these changes, change in people offer the most challenge and level of difficulty, and this is the area where this paper will focus thoroughly. Changing employees’ behavioral patterns and attitude perspective is a challenge for management, as employees are creatures of habit, and habits, as the saying goes, are hard to break. Early studies on change and resistance to change was undertaken by Kurt Lewin (Dent and Goldberg 1999; Burke, Lake and Paine, 2008) and clearly explained how habits are hard nuts to crack, and enumerates three steps to assimilate change. This three-step model is widely accepted when studying change theories and these can be summarized as unfreezing, moving and refreezing (Burke, Lake and Paine, 2008, p. 233). Lewin refers to a person as a â€Å"complex, energy field in which all behavior could be conceived of as a change in some site of a field† (Marrow, 1969). Marrow’s further research showed that David Bowers and Stanley Seashore , both pioneers of organizational behavior, acknowledged Lewin’s view that a person’s biological system of homeostasis, i.e., man’s natural ability to resist change should undergo a three step cycle: first, an unfreezing or disruption of an already existing steady state,